Sapphire
| Sapphire | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General | |
| Category | Mineral Variety |
| Chemical formula | aluminium oxide, Al2O3 |
| Identification | |
| Color | Every color except red (which is ruby) or pinkish-orange (padparadscha) |
| Crystal habit | massive and granular |
| Crystal system | Hexagonal |
| Cleavage | None |
| Fracture | Conchoidal, splintery |
| Mohs Scale hardness | 9.0 |
| Luster | Vitreous |
| Refractive index | 1.762–1.778 |
| Optical Properties | Abbe number 72.2 |
| Birefringence | 0.008 |
| Pleochroism | Strong |
| Streak | White |
| Specific gravity | 3.95–4.03 |
| Melting point | 2030–2050 °C |
| Fusibility | infusible |
| Solubility | insoluble |
| Other Characteristics | Coefficient of thermal expansion 5e−6–6.6e−6/K |
Sapphire (from Greek sapphiros, originating from Ancient Greek hyacinthos) refers to gem varieties of the mineral corundum, an aluminium oxide (Al2O3), when it is a color other than red, in which case the gem would instead be a ruby. Trace amounts of other elements such as iron, titanium, or chromium can give corundum blue, yellow, pink, purple, orange, or greenish color. Pink-orange corundum are also sapphires, but are instead called padparadscha.
Because it is a gemstone, sapphire is commonly worn as jewelry. Sapphire can be found naturally, or manufactured in large crystal boules. Because of its remarkable hardness, sapphire is used in many applications, including infrared optical components, watch crystals, high-durability windows, and wafers for the deposition of semiconductors, such as GaN nanorods and blue LEDs.
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A budget motherboard manufacturer, certified by AMD, with products supporting both IGP and multiple GPUs.
Sapphire Technology
Sapphire (antique greek: hyacinthos) refers to gem varieties of the mineral corundum, an aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3), when it is a color other than red or pinkish-orange ...
Sapphire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Leading manufacturer of ATI Radeon graphics accelerator cards for mainstream and enthusiast market segments and mainboards based on AMD chipset
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Computer consulting and staffing services for large and small corporations.